[quigonkenny]

The only IRL country I can see allegorically represented here is Nazi Germany, represented by the totalitarian military leadership of Amestris, complete with the attempted racial genocide. But there are plenty of holes in that comparison. She may have taken some of the trappings of Nazi Germany to represent Amestris (certainly the official translation of "daisoutou" to "Fuhrer", when there are other legitimate alternatives), but I don't think any full-on allegory was intended.

And of course Xing = China. It's very obviously an Eastern counterpart to Amestris' Western culture, and certainly appears more Chinese than Japanese (or Korean, etc.) to me... Plus, what little Xingese writing we see over the course of the series is all kanji (hanzi), with no kana.