Saiunkoku Monogatari is set an a faux-Chinese imperial court; it has a lot of political drama. The show is in licensing limbo at the moment, so it's a bit hard to find.
Court politics play a role from time to time in
Seirei no Moribito as well. it's less apparent in the same author's
Kemono no Sou-ja Erin, but still there. (
Uehashi's novels, from which these shows are adapted, focus on founding myths and how they influence the modern politics of empires.)
Another strong endorsement for
Twelve Kingdoms.
The currently-running
Hyouge Mono recounts the events of the Sengoku period when Nobunaga Oda began the process of unifying Japan's decentralized feudal structure. Only eleven of the thirty-nine episodes have yet been subbed, and they're being released at a very slow pace. I'd keep an eye on it though, or just watch the episodes as they are released as I do.