In the theatrical movie
Sword of the Stranger there is a very short scene where Koutarou (the boy) is standing on a flight of winding stairs and throws a sword to his companion Nanashi (the older guy). He throws the sword directly at the camera.
The scene is towards the end of the film, roughly around 1h 26 minutes and is not only short but also are some positions of the sword during the throw in the animation sequence very cleverly "veiled" (by doing a cut to a close-up of fighting Nanashi in between, lol). So they kind of cheated at some frames - which is an art in itself though. But the beginning of the throw and Nanashi catching the sword is clearly to see if you go through it frame by frame.
Errrm, you even might want to watch the film in its entirety if you are fond of extremely well done animation...
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Oh my, I just noticed while checking it again, the film has a cloud of arrows and a sword thrown at an attacker right at the beginning, around the 5 minutes mark
And Nanashi throwing his sword at roughly 1h 23 minutes (which is a very nice rotating sword animation sequence)
Also in the TV series
Seirei No Moribito, Episode 1, right at the beginning around the 5 minutes mark, Balsa throws a spear (at a very slight angle though) towards the camera.
An epic animated sword hurling scene is in the opening sequence of
Karas, when Eko hurls his spinning sword for the kill directly at the camera (roughly at the 5 minute mark again).